Numerical Computing Research on Tunnel Structure Cracking Risk under the Influence of Multiple Factors in Urban Deep Aquifer Zones

During the operation period of tunnels in urban deep aquifer zones, geological environment around tunnel is complex and surrounding strata are rich groundwater, which often poses a risk structure cracking groundwater leakage, seriously threatening tunnel’s safety. To reduce cracking, theoretical calculation model three-dimensional concrete–soil interaction thermo-mechanical coupling numerical computing was established to analyze under influence multiple factors zones. The response mechanism structural stress deformation grade rock soil mass, overburden thickness, temperature difference, structure’s length–height ratio, elastic modulus investigated, characteristics with joints were explored. results show that maximum longitudinal tensile increases increase modulus. difference has most significant impact on structure, increasing by 2.8 times. can effectively reduction magnitude largest at joints, 64.7%.